Can take 2 to 3 years to establish, spreads by both rhizomes and seeds, but has a long juvenile period, rhizomes and the terminal shoots have a lifetime of less than 2 years, is a high maintenance grass needing medium to heavy fertilization, irrigation, weeding, pest controls, and disease control, is considered a cool season grass. Trash grasses and weeds indicate soil depletion. Last year had some EXTREMELY high temps and killing sun, more than usual. Especially from July til Oct.