I would think that you should be able to grow salvias, penstemons, agastaches, succulents, poppies, lavender, herbs, grasses, etc.
It might help to know what kind of plants you like the looks of so folks can make suggestions that will suit your tastes.
As for hostas, no, they probably won't appreciate intense sun in the early afternoon, but if there are spots that are shaded by trees or structures, I'd think it would be a worthwhile experiment. I always think that if a certain plant really appeals, we can usually figure out a way to grow it, or at least a substitute that has a similar look. I would recommend checking in with the Hostas forum to ask for tips about how you might be able to grow them in your garden.
If you really like a woodland garden look with hostas, dicentras and ferns, for example, you may need to get creative to find out which plants will give you the look, but still be appropriate for your high desert conditions.
If you need a small tree or two to provide shade, I wonder how Desert Willow (Chilopsis linearis) would do for you?
https://www.highcountrygardens...
http://www.laspilitas.com/natu...
Hopefully, someone who lives in a climate more like yours will chime in with some suggestions.
Good luck,
Virginia