| Plant Habit: | Herb/Forb |
| Life cycle: | Biennial |
| Sun Requirements: | Full Sun |
| Water Preferences: | Mesic Dry Mesic Dry |
| Soil pH Preferences: | Moderately acid (5.6 – 6.0) Slightly acid (6.1 – 6.5) Neutral (6.6 – 7.3) Slightly alkaline (7.4 – 7.8) Moderately alkaline (7.9 – 8.4) |
| Minimum cold hardiness: | Zone 2 -45.6 °C (-50 °F) to -42.8 °C (-45°F) |
| Maximum recommended zone: | Zone 9a |
| Plant Height: | 5-8 feet |
| Plant Spread: | 12-24 inches |
| Leaves: | Deciduous |
| Flowers: | Showy |
| Flower Color: | Other: Dark purplish-black. Also described as "chocolate colored" |
| Bloom Size: | 3"-4" 4"-5" |
| Flower Time: | Summer |
| Underground structures: | Taproot |
| Uses: | Dye production Culinary Herb Medicinal Herb Cut Flower Will Naturalize |
| Edible Parts: | Stem Leaves Roots Flowers |
| Eating Methods: | Tea Culinary Herb/Spice Raw Cooked |
| Wildlife Attractant: | Butterflies Hummingbirds |
| Resistances: | Rabbit Resistant |
| Propagation: Seeds: | Provide light Needs specific temperature: For best results, sow early summer. May also be started late summer or early fall for bloom the next season. Depth to plant seed: Press lightly into soil surface. Do not cover. Sow in situ |
| Propagation: Other methods: | Cuttings: Root Division |
| Pollinators: | Self |
