I am looking for a shade tree here in Carlsbad, NM to shade the west side of my home. What trees would you suggest, both deciduous and evergreen?
In My Garden Blog:
Southwestern Deserts
September 10, 2009
By
Cathy Cromell,
Phoenix, AZ
Deciduous vitex tree blooms in white, pink, or lavender.
Cool Off (or Warm Up) With Trees
Summer in the low desert is not a good time for digging a tree planting hole, in my opinion. It is better to lay low with a glass of lemonade and maybe a tiny hand-held fan if you can't find anyone willing to wave a palm frond over you. But summer is a good time to study sun exposures around your landscape and decide if adding a tree or two would be a worthy project come fall. Strategically placed trees help keep your house cool in summer and warm in winter thus reducing air conditioning and heating costs. Savings can be substantial depending on where you live, current tree coverage, and so on.
Most heat gain indoors comes from sunlight striking glass windows and patio doors on the east and west sides of the house. Trees can block 50 to 80 percent of this solar radiation. In the low desert, summer's western exposures are grueling in the afternoon. If you can afford just one tree, you'll get the most bang for your buck from energy savings by shielding west-facing windows and glass patio doors. Eastern exposures, with morning sun heating up the home at the crack of dawn, should be your next priority for a tree.
Deciduous trees drop their leaves when the weather turns cold, which allows the sun's rays to shine through bare branches, making deciduous trees a good choice for the east side of the home. In winter, when trees are bare, the morning sun can warm the house as you start the day; in summer when you don't want the house to heat up, the foliage blocks the sun. Either deciduous or evergreen trees work for the west side, although because desert dwellers live with more months of hot temperatures than cold, evergreen trees typically provide greater cost savings on utility bills.
Select trees based on their mature height and width so they won't outgrow their space in your landscape. Take into consideration overhead utility wires, roof tops and neighbors' property lines. Your goal is to allow the tree to grow to its full canopy size without having to prune it back to avoid obstructions.
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Mark Schinnerer | September 10, 2009 | 6:06PM
michael j. mcdonough, Sun City West, AZ | September 11, 2009 | 9:37AM
I live in the Valley of the Sun, AZ. I have planted many Australian Bottle Trees on both the east and west sides of my home for shade. I have found these trees grow quickly are are easy to shape. They are also very hardy during a very rare frost or freeze warning. Three years ago, we suffered a very unusal freeze for over a week which killed many other tree variations. They stay green year round. I recommend Australina Bottle Trees for the hot, dry areas of the southwest.
Tara | September 11, 2009 | 5:49PM
An Australian bottle tree is lovely and graceful and provides copious shade in this climate. The only caveat I would add to the recommendation for the Bottle trees is that you should be aware that they are also extremely messy. During leaf drop, leaves abound... but what also abounds is the thin whiplike 'branches' that fall with the leaves and it can sometimes make a mat that makes raking more...uh... 'interesting.' I do use the leaves in my compost pile and they are a great source of browns.
Cathy Cromell | September 11, 2009 | 7:27PM
Mark, As I mentioned in the article, determining the appropriate size tree is essential, so without knowing that it's difficult to make useful recommendations. After you figure out the maximum height and width your landscape provides for each area where you want to add a tree, I recommend you check out the options in these two lists: Shade Trees for New Mexico at http://aces.nmsu.edu/pubs/_h/h-426.pdf, from Curtis Smith, New Mexico State University. There is also an online plant brochure called Landscape Plants for the Arizona Desert at the Arizona Municipal Water Users Association website http://www.amwua.org/. There is overlap in appropriate plants for New Mexico and Arizona and this brochure includes a little more detail, such as evergreen or deciduous, mature size, sun exposure, and cold-hardiness, as well as features (spring bloom, fall color, thorns, etc) and color photos, so you can choose trees that suit your interests and landscape design. Good luck!
Paty | September 12, 2009 | 1:56PM
Hi Cathy, I live in Austin,TX and think that the area is closer to the "Southwestern Deserts region" than to the "Low South" descriptions. Can you help me please??? I'm a beginner gardener and kind of lost with the subject. Thanks, Paty
Cathy Cromell | September 12, 2009 | 5:59PM
Hi Paty, On behalf of the National Gardening Association, welcome to gardening! Our Lower South reporter, Skip Richter, lives in Austin, Texas, as you do, and I'm sure his info applies to your local growing conditions. However, there is often overlap near borders of geographic regions, with gardeners able to benefit from the best of both regions, so my info from the Southwestern Deserts may be useful to you as well. You didn't ask a specific question, so I'd suggest since you are new to gardening that you peruse the Previous Reports for each region for topics that are of interest to you. There's a link to Previous Reports at the top of each regional report. To get you started here's a link for Skip's and my reports: http://www.garden.org/regional/report/allreports/5 http://www.garden.org/regional/report/allreports/10 You can always input specific questions at the bottom of each report. Another option is to check the National Gardening Association's Q&A database, which has tens of thousands of questions, already answered! Of course, if you don't find what you're looking for, feel free to ask (be as specific as possible as gardening is a huge topic!) and we'll be happy to guide you.
Paty | September 18, 2009 | 6:32PM
Thank you so very much for your help Cathy. I'll check the links you mentioned. If I get lost I'll write to you again. Thanks a lot!!!