| Plant Habit: | Shrub Tree |
| Life cycle: | Perennial |
| Sun Requirements: | Full Sun Full Sun to Partial Shade |
| Water Preferences: | Mesic Dry Mesic Dry |
| Soil pH Preferences: | Neutral (6.6 – 7.3) Slightly alkaline (7.4 – 7.8) Moderately alkaline (7.9 – 8.4) |
| Plant Height: | 22 to 26 feet |
| Plant Spread: | most develop multiple stems up to 7 inches in diameter |
| Leaves: | Evergreen Semi-evergreen Broadleaf Other: tough, leathery, 1.0 to 1.2 inch long and 0.2 to 0.4 inch wide leaves; smooth edges curl toward the white, pubescent underside |
| Fruit: | Showy Other: fruit is a 0.3 to 0.4 inch achene with an attached plumose style; after pollination the style becomes hairy, twisted, and elongates up to 2.8 inches; fruits may persist well into winter. |
| Fruiting Time: | Summer |
| Flowers: | Inconspicuous Blooms on new wood |
| Flower Color: | White Yellow Other: white to greenish-yellow sepals and no petals |
| Bloom Size: | Under 1" |
| Flower Time: | Late spring or early summer |
| Underground structures: | Taproot |
| Suitable Locations: | Patio/Ornamental/Small Tree Xeriscapic |
| Uses: | Provides winter interest Erosion control Shade Tree |
| Resistances: | Drought tolerant |
| Propagation: Seeds: | Stratify seeds: wet prechilling at 39 degF for 170 to 270 days Needs specific temperature: able to germinate at low temperatures Depth to plant seed: twisting of the plume in response to moisture changes drills the seed into the ground. Suitable for wintersowing Other info: approximately 52,000 seeds per pound; seed remains viable for extended periods; in one study 85% of seed stored for 15 years germinated |
| Propagation: Other methods: | Cuttings: Stem Other: propagation from stem cuttings is difficult. |
| Pollinators: | Various insects |
| Miscellaneous: | Tolerates poor soil Goes Dormant |
| Conservation status: | Least Concern (LC) |
